Additional file 1:

Cluster-wise information of patients. There were no significant differences in the age, parasitemia, and clinical presentation (all patient had fever and symptoms for malaria) of the patients used in this study. Ring stages predominated in the peripheral blood and no gametocytes were observed. Samples were collected prior to drug treatment. The only statistically significant values (P < 0.05) were found in cluster 3 is associated with significantly elevated inflammation markers, including duration of illness and body temperature. "*" represent statistically significant values. This information is adapted from Daily et al [7].

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Additional file 2:

Cluster 3 can be divided into two sub-clusters. Cytosolic Hsp90 was taken as the criterion for sub-clustering of cluster 3. Raw expression values for 18 patients of cluster 3 were used for NMF clustering. Clustering of cytosolic Hsp90 into two clusters suggests that cytosolic Hsp90 may be driving development of different states of parasite.

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Additional file 3:

Cluster-wise expression profile of Hsp101. Only few patients in cluster 2 show up-regulation of Hsp101 as compared to 3D7 ring stage. However, average value for gene expression of Hsp101 in cluster 2 is identical to that of 3D7. Yellow bars indicate cluster 1, red bar indicates cluster 2 and blue bar indicates cluster 3.

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Additional file 4:

Cluster-wise expression pattern for Hsp101 interactors Hsp101 is present at basal levels in cluster 2. However, the interactors of Hsp101, shown to be components of the PEXEL translocon are up-regulated in cluster 2. (Red: maximum up-regulation among the three clusters; orange: up-regulated but not maximum; yellow: at similar levels in at least two clusters; pink: up-regulated as compared to 3D7 but least among the three clusters; green: present at basal levels comparable to 3D7 late ring stages or less than 3D7 late ring stages).

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Additional file 5:

List of cluster wise distribution of Hsp90 class of chaperones and its co-chaperones. Showing the cluster wise distribution of Hsp90 class of chaperones and its co-chaperones. (+) represents the presence and (-) represents the absence of chaperone in a particular cluster.

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Additional file 6:

Representative graphs of transcript level profile of Hsp90 and its co-chaperones. Hsp90 of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum shows basal level of expression throughout the entire patient. Most of the co-chaperones like p23, Hop, PP5 and peptidyl-prolyl isomerase show clustering similar to cytosolic Hsp90. This supports the association of specific chaperone pattern with each state. Yellow bars indicate cluster 1, red bars indicate cluster 2 and blue bars indicate cluster 3.

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Additional file 7:

Cluster-wise expression profile of proteins involved in Hsp90-dependent pathways. Most of the proteins show up-regulation in all samples, suggesting that decision of a pathway to be up-regulated or down-regulated may depend on expression profile of Hsp90 and its co-chaperones, which are up-regulated in cluster 2. Yellow bars indicate cluster 1, red bars indicate cluster 2 and blue bars indicate cluster 3.

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Additional file 8:

Cluster-wise expression profile of Hsp70 family proteins. Hsp70 shows basal level of expression in all physiological states hinting there is no specific pattern associated with it. Cg4, one of the members of Hsp70 family, shows up-regulation in cluster 2. Yellow bars indicate cluster 1, red bars indicate cluster 2 and blue bars indicate cluster 3.

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Additional file 9:

List of cluster-wise distribution of Hsp40 class of chaperones. Showing cluster wise distribution of Hsp40 class of chaperones. (+) represents the presence and (-) represents the absence of chaperone in particular cluster. The proteins indicated in bold are PEXEL-containing Hsp40s.

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Additional file 10:

Cluster-wise expression profile of Hsp40. Most of the members of Hsp40 like RESA, RESA like protein, Pfj4 among others show up-regulation in cluster 2 and sub-clustered into cluster 3a and 3b. Yellow bars indicate cluster 1, red bars indicate cluster 2 and blue bars indicate cluster 3.

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Additional file 11:

Cluster-wise expression profile for Hsp40s which form J-dots. One of the Hsp40s which forms J-dots, PFE0055c, is significantly up-regulated in cluster 2 while the other, PFA0660w, is slightly up-regulated in cluster 1. Yellow bars indicate cluster 1, red bars indicate cluster 2 and blue bars indicate cluster 3.

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