Table 1 |
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|
CM(A), insignificant physically apparent brain pathology |
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|
Patient no. |
Age (mo) |
Sex |
Parasitaemia (Pf) &/or Organism cultured |
Admitting coma score |
Parasites in brain vessels |
Brain vessel monocyte HO-1 |
Lung mono & alveol M HO-1 |
Liver Kupffer cell HO-1 |
|
|
||||||||
|
4 |
20 |
M |
19% |
2 |
1+ |
isolated, mod |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
7 |
29 |
F |
4+ |
0 |
1+ |
absent |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
22 |
18 |
M |
2% |
0 |
1+ |
absent |
strong, common |
strong |
|
23 |
30 |
F |
29% |
0 |
1+ |
absent |
strong, common |
strong |
|
31 |
39 |
M |
49% |
1 |
1+ |
absent |
PMN-obscured |
strong |
|
33 |
25 |
M |
<1% |
0 |
1+ |
absent |
pale |
strong |
|
37 |
6 |
M |
34% & P. mal. trace |
2 |
1+ |
scattered, mod |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
38 |
84 |
F |
22% |
0 |
1+ |
scattered, mod |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
45 |
34 |
M |
3% |
0 |
1+ |
absent |
PMN-obscured |
moderate |
|
47 |
22 |
F |
11% |
1 |
1+ |
absent |
pale |
strong |
|
49 |
17 |
M |
0% |
1 |
1+ |
absent |
negative |
moderate |
|
|
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|
CM(B), sequestered parasites only |
||||||||
|
|
||||||||
|
1 |
27 |
F |
31% |
0 |
2+ |
rare, strong |
mod, fewer |
strong |
|
5 |
14 |
M |
4% |
1 |
4+ |
scattered, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
16 |
51 |
F |
6% |
1 |
2+ |
rare, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
21 |
25 |
F |
<1% |
2 |
4+ |
scattered, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
25 |
44 |
F |
<1% |
2 |
4+ |
scattered, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
39 |
18 |
M |
<1% |
2 |
4+ |
scattered, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
42 |
37 |
F |
20% |
0 |
4+ |
absent |
PMN-obscured |
NA |
|
|
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|
CM(C), sequestered parasites plus local intravascular inflammation |
||||||||
|
|
||||||||
|
6 |
17 |
F |
6% |
0 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
9 |
16 |
M |
<1% |
1 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
11 |
29 |
F |
29% & H. influ. B |
1 |
2+ |
accumul, strong |
PMN-obscured |
strong |
|
13 |
22 |
M |
37% |
0–1 |
3+ |
scattered, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
15 |
8 |
F |
1% |
2 |
2+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
26 |
30 |
M |
19% |
1 |
4+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
27 |
20 |
M |
53% & Sal. typhi-m |
0 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
28 |
61 |
F |
23% |
0 |
2+ |
scattered, strong |
NA |
strong |
|
29 |
43 |
M |
33% |
2 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
32 |
18 |
F |
47% |
0 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
34 |
70 |
M |
2% |
1 |
4+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
35 |
114 |
M |
<1% |
1 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, common |
strong |
|
36 |
21 |
F |
1% |
2 |
2+ |
accumul, strong |
strong, fewer |
strong |
|
48 |
48 |
M |
<1% |
2 |
3+ |
accumul, strong |
mod, fewer |
strong |
|
|
||||||||
|
COMA (bacteria cultured, and clinically judged not cerebral malaria) |
||||||||
|
|
||||||||
|
12 |
6 |
M |
Sal. enteritidis |
2 |
negative |
scattered, strong |
strong |
strong, autolys |
|
14 |
9 |
F |
E. coli |
0 |
negative |
absent |
strong |
strong |
|
18 |
7 |
F |
H. influenzae B |
1 |
negative |
absent |
absent |
strong |
|
20 |
96 |
F |
Tuberculosis |
0 |
negative |
regionally strong |
regionally strong |
strong |
|
24 |
48 |
F |
Strep. pneumoniae |
3 |
negative |
rare, mod |
absent |
mod, autolys |
|
|
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|
MALAWIAN CONTROLS (without terminal coma) |
||||||||
|
|
||||||||
|
41 |
29 |
F |
Sal. typhimurium |
5 |
negative |
absent |
absent |
absent |
|
43 |
53 |
M |
suspect malaria |
2, then 5 |
negative |
absent |
absent |
pale, v. occas |
|
* 50 |
144 |
F |
Strep. pneumoniae |
5 |
negative |
absent |
pale |
pale, occas |
|
|
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|
AUSTRALIAN CONTROLS |
||||||||
|
|
||||||||
|
n= 6 |
F/M |
NA |
NA |
negative |
negative |
NA |
NA |
|
|
|
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|
* Serologically positive for HIV (n) Number of brains areas examined Abbreviations: NA = not applicable Sal. typhi-m. = Salmonella typhimurium H. influ. B = H. influenzae type B |
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|
Clark et al. Malaria Journal 2003 2:41 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-2-41 |
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