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Plasmodium species occurrence, temporal distribution and interaction in a child-aged population in rural Burkina Faso
Awa Gnémé, Wamdaogo M Guelbéogo, Michelle M Riehle, Alfred B Tiono, Amidou Diarra, Gustave B Kabré, N’falé Sagnon, Kenneth D Vernick Malaria Journal 2013, 12:67 (19 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Three sympatric Plasmodium species were recorded during this study with a high gametocyte prevalence in species other than P. falciparum. While P. falciparum occurred ithroughout the study period, P. malariae and P. ovale were highly prevalent after the rainy season.
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Expression profile of the Plasmodium falciparum intra-erythrocytic stage protein, PF3D7_1363700
Renee N Roberts, Maggie S Schlarman, Michael M Kariuki, Alexis N LaCrue, Ruguang Ou, Brenda T Beerntsen Malaria Journal 2013, 12:66 (19 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Expression of a Plasmodium falciparum gene during different stages of development. The authors produced recombinant protein for anti-serum production and generated a GFP PfMAL13P1.319 construct to follow gene expression and trafficking during development of the parasite.
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A regional-scale, high resolution dynamical malaria model that accounts for population density, climate and surface hydrology
Adrian M Tompkins, Volker Ermert Malaria Journal 2013, 12:65 (18 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
A valuable addition to the literature of malaria models, especially to the limited set of models that attempt to explicitly couple the population dynamics in the vector with those in the human host, without making some of the implicit assumptions of the Ross-MacDonald framework.
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Mitochondrial genome sequences reveal deep divergences among Anopheles punctulatus sibling species in Papua New Guinea
Kyle Logue, Ernest R Chan, Tenisha Phipps, Scott T Small, Lisa Reimer, Cara Henry-Halldin, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Peter M Siba, Peter A Zimmerman, David Serre Malaria Journal 2013, 12:64 (14 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
This is an innovative application of requencing technology to obtain full mitochondrial sequences, thus obtaining the full mitochondrial DNA sequences from 14 species, including 5 members of the Anopheles punctulatus sibling species group. Results indicate that the ancestors of the punctulatus group arrived in Papua New Guinea 20 to 40 million years ago and rapidly diverged to form the current sibling species.
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Spatio-temporal malaria transmission patterns in Navrongo demographic surveillance site, northern Ghana
Simon Kasasa, Victor Asoala, Laura Gosoniu, Francis Anto, Martin Adjuik, Cletus Tindana, Thomas Smith, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Penelope Vounatsou Malaria Journal 2013, 12:63 (13 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
This study confirms the presence of spatio-temporal heterogeneity in malaria transmission within a small geographical area.
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Nets, spray or both? The effectiveness of insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying in reducing malaria morbidity and child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa
Nancy Fullman, Roy Burstein, Stephen S Lim, Carol Medlin, Emmanuela Gakidou Malaria Journal 2013, 12:62 (13 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Whether ITNs, IRS or both should be used, and under what transmission environments is an important topic in malaria control and evaluation. The authors used matched regression analyses to assess the association of vector control (ITNs and/or IRS) under routine programme conditions, using national household surveys.
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Rapid case-based mapping of seasonal malaria transmission risk for strategic elimination planning in Swaziland
Justin M Cohen, Sabelo Dlamini, Joseph M Novotny, Deepika Kandula, Simon Kunene, Andrew J Tatem Malaria Journal 2013, 12:61 (11 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
A method to map malaria risk in very low transmission settings where traditional maps based on prevalence data become useless. Predictions made by these models are incredibly valuable for elimination efforts as interventions will need to rapidly identify residual transmission foci, manage importation risk and ensure that local transmission is effectively halted.
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Exploration of in vivo efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in under fives in Tabora region, Tanzania
Deokary Joseph, Abdunoor M Kabanywanyi, Ruth Hulser, Zulfiqarali Premji, Omary MS Minzi, Kefas Mugittu Malaria Journal 2013, 12:60 (11 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Exploratory study was carried out as an action plan in response to anecdotal reports of high recurrent rate following AL treatment in western Tanzania, in order to rule out the possibility of AL resistance in the region.
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Addressing malaria vector control challenges in South Sudan: proposed recommendations
Emmanuel Chanda, Constantino Doggale, Harriet Pasquale, Robert Azairwe, Samson Baba, Abraham Mnzava Malaria Journal 2013, 12:59 (8 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Report of a meeting of stakeholders, with the aim to help building national capacity and technical collaboration for effective implementation of an integrated vector management strategic plan in the new Republic of South Sudan.
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Evaluation of bioluminescence-based assays of anti-malarial drug activity
Sandra Hasenkamp, Adam Sidaway, Oliver Devine, Richard Roye, Paul Horrocks Malaria Journal 2013, 12:58 (8 February 2013)
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Careful assessment of luciferase-based methods to evaluate parasite growth with application to drug viability assays as well as for measuring stage specificity of drug action or rate-of-kill.
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Evaluation of a rapid colorimetric field test to assess the effective life of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the Lao PDR
Michael D Green, Mayfong Mayxay, Ray Beach, Tiengkham Pongvongsa, Samlane Phompida, Bouasy Hongvanthong, Viengxay Vanisaveth, Paul N Newton, Lucrecia Vizcaino, Isabel Swamidoss Malaria Journal 2013, 12:57 (7 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Monitoring of available insecticides on the net surface is essential for determining the effective life of the net. A rapid and inexpensive colorimetric field test for cyanopyrethroids was used to measure surface levels of deltamethrin on insecticide-coated polyester nets in rural Lao PDR over a two-year period.
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Successful malaria elimination strategies require interventions that target changing vector behaviours
Tanya L Russell, Nigel W Beebe, Robert D Cooper, Neil F Lobo, Thomas R Burkot Malaria Journal 2013, 12:56 (7 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Behavioural resistance is less frequently than physiological resistance, but is potentially more challenging to malaria control programmes because the intervention effectiveness cannot be restored by an insecticide rotation.
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The effect of blood storage age on treatment of lactic acidosis by transfusion in children with severe malarial anaemia: a pilot, randomized, controlled trial
Aggrey Dhabangi, Edison Mworozi, Irene R Lubega, Christine M Cserti-Gazdewich, Albert Maganda, Walter H Dzik Malaria Journal 2013, 12:55 (6 February 2013)
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The authors present results from a prospective randomized open-label trial of blood transfusion for the treatment of lactic acidosis among children with malaria and an initial hemoglobin concentration of less than 5 g/dL. There was no difference in timing of resolution of lactic acidosis when using stored blood.
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Safety monitoring of artemisinin combination therapy through a national pharmacovigilance system in an endemic malaria setting
Sylla Thiam, Jean-Louis Ndiaye, Ibrahima Diallo, Patrick Gatonga, Fatou Fall, Ndella E Diallo, Babacar Faye, Mamadou L Diouf, Medoune Ndiop, Mame B Diouf, Oumar Gaye, Moussa Thior Malaria Journal 2013, 12:54 (5 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Describes the reporting of suspected adverse reactions to artemisinin combination anti-malarial therapy to a dedicated pharmacovigilance programme in Senegal.
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Artesunate-amodiaquine efficacy in Congolese children with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Brazzaville
Mathieu Ndounga, Pembe Issamou Mayengue, Prisca Nadine Casimiro, Dieudonné Loumouamou, Leonardo K Basco, Francine Ntoumi, Philippe Brasseur Malaria Journal 2013, 12:53 (5 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Straightforward evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of the AS+AQ combination therapy for the treatment of falciparum malaria in two health centres of Brazzaville.
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Methods for implementing a medicine outlet survey: lessons from the anti-malarial market
Kathryn A O’Connell, Stephen Poyer, Tsione Solomon, Erik Munroe, Edith Patouillard, Julius Njogu, Illah Evance, Kara Hanson, Tanya Shewchuk, Catherine Goodman Malaria Journal 2013, 12:52 (5 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
Article providing guidelines for researchers who aim to conduct an outlet survey, particularly in resource poor settings, with links to additional resources developed by ACTWatch that can be adapted for use in other projects.
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Humoral immune response to Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate GMZ2 and its components in populations naturally exposed to seasonal malaria in Ethiopia
Hassen Mamo, Meral Esen, Anthony Ajua, Michael Theisen, Benjamin Mordmüller, Beyene Petros Malaria Journal 2013, 12:51 (5 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
The study was designed to investigate the nature of humoral immune response to malaria in two ethnic groups in two endemic localities. Detection of high-level antibody responses in non-febrile, smear-negative individuals may possibly be an indication of a low-grade, asymptomatic sub-microscopic infection in the induction and maintenance of high-level malaria immunity.
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A clinicopathological correlation of the expression of the angiopoietin-Tie-2 receptor pathway in the brain of adults with Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Panote Prapansilp, Isabelle Medana, Nguyen Thi Mai, Nicholas PJ Day, Nguyen Phu, Tsin W Yeo, Tran Hien, Nicholas J White, Nicholas M Anstey, Gareth DH Turner Malaria Journal 2013, 12:50 (5 February 2013)
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An extensive comparative study analysing post-mortem brain tissue from cerebral malaria patients and non-cerebral malaria patients, highlighting significant differences in the specific localization of Angiopoietin-Tie 2 receptor pathway in control versus malaria cases.
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Barrier screens: a method to sample blood-fed and host-seeking exophilic mosquitoes
Thomas R Burkot, Tanya L Russell, Lisa J Reimer, Hugo Bugoro, Nigel W Beebe, Robert D Cooper, Supraman Sukawati, Frank H Collins, Neil F Lobo Malaria Journal 2013, 12:49 (5 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
This study evaluates a novel method (use of outdoor barrier screen) for sampling mosquitoes, particularly exophilic species, which are difficult to sample in standard indoor resting collection. Additionally, the study provides an interesting snapshot of vector composition, host choice, and activity patterns of some South Pacific species which are difficult to sample by traditional methods.
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Mobile phones improve case detection and management of malaria in rural Bangladesh
Chai S Prue, Kerry L Shannon, Jacob Khyang, Laura J Edwards, Sabeena Ahmed, Malathi Ram, Timothy Shields, Mohammad S Hossain, Gregory E Glass, Myaing M Nyunt, David A Sack, David J Sullivan, Wasif A Khan Malaria Journal 2013, 12:48 (4 February 2013)
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Mobile phone technology, when combined with local knowledge and field support, may be applicable for improving malaria control in hard-to-reach areas.
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Identification of active Plasmodium falciparum calpain to establish screening system for Pf-calpain-based drug development
Byoung Soh, Hyun-Ok Song, Yoonji Lee, Junghyun Lee, Kusuma Kaewintajuk, Binna Lee, Yun-Young Choi, Jeong Cho, Sun Choi, Hyun Park Malaria Journal 2013, 12:47 (4 February 2013)
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First report of heterologous expression of functional P. falciparum calpain, a cysteine protease with unknown function in malaria parasites. The protease was biochemically characterized and extensive modelling studies and mutagenesis offered strong support for the identified catalytic triad of the single domain protease.
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Physical condition and maintenance of mosquito bed nets in Kwale County, coastal Kenya
Francis M Mutuku, Maureen Khambira, Donal Bisanzio, Peter Mungai, Isaac Mwanzo, Eric M Muchiri, Charles H King, Uriel Kitron Malaria Journal 2013, 12:46 (1 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
While mosquito net ownership has improved, the use and maintenance of mosquito nets has very seldom been taken into account during NMCP or regional planning. This is partly because of the lack of knowledge about the rate at which nets deteriorate during their use, or what drives net use and maintenance.
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The impact of low erythrocyte density in human blood on the fitness and energetic reserves of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae
S Noushin Emami, Lisa C Ranford-Cartwright, Heather M Ferguson Malaria Journal 2013, 12:45 (1 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
An interesting extension to our knowledge of the effect of blood meal size of mosquito parameters of relevance to malaria transmission, including the somewhat surprising find that mosquitoes fed on blood of low PCV lay more eggs.
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The effect of larval nutritional deprivation on the life history and DDT resistance phenotype in laboratory strains of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis
Shüné V Oliver, Basil D Brooke Malaria Journal 2013, 12:44 (1 February 2013)
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Editor’s summary
The 'silver spoon' hypothesis of larval nutrition in insects suggests that well nourished larvae become healthier adults that are better capable of survival in variable environments, particularly are more likely to be resistant to insecticides. This paper shows how this operates in an important vector of malaria.
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In vitro interaction of artemisinin derivatives or the fully synthetic peroxidic anti-malarial OZ277 with thapsigargin in Plasmodium falciparum strains
Oyindamola O Abiodun, Reto Brun, Sergio Wittlin Malaria Journal 2013, 12:43 (31 January 2013)
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The study assessed the in vitro interaction of artemisin derivatives with thapsigargin using in vitro P. falciparum cultures. It demonstrated an additive effect of these compounds, suggesting that they do not interact at the same target site, as had previously been suggested.
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