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		Research Pharmaceutical services for endemic situations in the Brazilian Amazon: organization of services and prescribing practices for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum non-complicated malaria in high-risk municipalities Martha C Suárez-Mutis, Paula P de Souza, Letícia F Freitas, Elaine S Miranda, Mônica R Campos, Claudia GS Osorio-de-Castro Malaria Journal 2011, 10:335 (3 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Study on malaria pharmaceutical practices in six Brazilian municipalities with high malaria incidence. The topic of pharmaceutical assistance for malaria in Latin America is of major public health importance and has not received the deserved attention in the literature and the results of this study may have important consequences for malaria-oriented health services in the Amazon region and may contribute to the adoption of more effective organizational strategies.
		Research Malaria with neurological involvement in Ugandan children: effect on cognitive ability, academic achievement and behaviour Paul Bangirana, Seggane Musisi, Michael J Boivin, Anna Ehnvall, Chandy C John, Tracy L Bergemann, Peter Allebeck Malaria Journal 2011, 10:334 (3 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary A study that has the potential to add to our knowledge of the cognitive and behavioral impairments associated with malaria with neurological impairment in particularly by extending the range of outcomes that have been assessed in this population.
		Research Variations of insecticide residual bio-efficacy on different types of walls: results from a community-based trial in south Cameroon Josiane Etang, Philippe Nwane, Jean Mbida, Michael Piameu, Blaise Manga, Daniel Souop, Parfait Awono-Ambene Malaria Journal 2011, 10:333 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The study is a useful for Cameroon and other malaria control programmes on how to make judicious choice of the best candidate to be used for IRS.
		Research Low quality of routine microscopy for malaria at different levels of the health system in Dar es Salaam Judith Kahama-Maro, Valerie D'Acremont, Deo Mtasiwa, Blaise Genton, Christian Lengeler Malaria Journal 2011, 10:332 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary There is a general awareness that quality is generally exceedingly poor in African malarious areas and that microscopy is not as an effective aid to clinical decision as it could be. Having fresh data on microscopy quality in the field is remarkably useful.
		Research Assessment of the knowledge of graphical symbols labelled on malaria rapid diagnostic tests in four international settings Veerle Hermans, Lianet Monzote, Björn Van den Sande, Pierre Mukadi, Thai Sopheak, Philippe Gillet, Jan Jacobs Malaria Journal 2011, 10:331 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Important issue for in-vitro diagnostics (and many other medical practices and procedures): do the symbols created by the manufacturer or others to convey essential information successfully convey that information to people who will be preparing the tests or carrying out the procedures?
		Research Multivariate modelling with ¹H NMR of pleural effusion in murine cerebral malaria Soumita Ghosh, Arjun Sengupta, Shobhona Sharma, Haripalsingh M Sonawat Malaria Journal 2011, 10:330 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Interesting contribution to our knowledge of the pathophysiology of severe malaria in the ANKA model - characterization of metabolites in pleural effusion formed during murine cerebral malaria
		Research Sexual recombination is a signature of a persisting malaria epidemic in Peru Patrick L Sutton, Lindsay P Torres, OraLee H Branch Malaria Journal 2011, 10:329 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A hypothesis that sexual recombination is important to determine the local subpopulation structure, based on the analysis of a longitudinal dataset.
		Research Case management of malaria fever in Cambodia: results from national anti-malarial outlet and household surveys Megan Littrell, Hellen Gatakaa, Sochea Phok, Henrietta Allen, Shunmay Yeung, Char Chuor, Lek Dysoley, Duong Socheat, Angus Spiers, Chris White, Tanya Shewchuk, Desmond Chavasse, Kathryn A O'Connell Malaria Journal 2011, 10:328 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary An interesting paper, reporting data from large surveys both at outlet and household level. While this data shows favourable progress towards replacing artemisinin monotherapies with ACT, the widespread use of drug cocktails to treat malaria is a barrier to effective case management.
		Research Monitoring fever treatment behaviour and equitable access to effective medicines in the context of initiatives to improve ACT access: baseline results and implications for programming in six African countries Megan Littrell, Hellen Gatakaa, Illah Evance, Stephen Poyer, Julius Njogu, Tsione Solomon, Erik Munroe, Steven Chapman, Catherine Goodman, Kara Hanson, Cyprien Zinsou, Louis Akulayi, Jacky Raharinjatovo, Ekundayo Arogundade, Peter Buyungo, Felton Mpasela, Cherifatou Adjibabi, Jean Agbango, Benjamin Ramarosandratana, Babajide Coker, Denis Rubahika, Busiku Hamainza, Tanya Shewchuk, Desmond Chavasse, Kathryn A O'Connell Malaria Journal 2011, 10:327 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The household surveys conducted by ACTwatch are rich resources of information on case management and this synthesis of the data adds to our knowledge of care-seeking, diagnostics and treatment of sick children.
		Research Got ACTs? Availability, price, market share and provider knowledge of anti-malarial medicines in public and private sector outlets in six malaria-endemic countries Kathryn A O'Connell, Hellen Gatakaa, Stephen Poyer, Julius Njogu, Illah Evance, Erik Munroe, Tsione Solomon, Catherine Goodman, Kara Hanson, Cyprien Zinsou, Louis Akulayi, Jacky Raharinjatovo, Ekundayo Arogundade, Peter Buyungo, Felton Mpasela, Chérifatou Adjibabi, Jean Agbango, Benjamin Ramarosandratana, Babajide Coker, Denis Rubahika, Busiku Hamainza, Steven Chapman, Tanya Shewchuk, Desmond Chavasse Malaria Journal 2011, 10:326 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Useful synthesis of survey results providing essential information on the availability of anti-malarials, especially in the private sector where data has been extremely limited.
		Methodology The ACTwatch project: methods to describe anti-malarial markets in seven countries Tanya Shewchuk, Kathryn A O'Connell, Catherine Goodman, Kara Hanson, Steven Chapman, Desmond Chavasse Malaria Journal 2011, 10:325 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This is a methodological paper that describes how the ACTwatch project is implemented and the design of the three components, supply chain research, outlet surveys and household surveys.
		Research Changing individual-level risk factors for malaria with declining transmission in southern Zambia: a cross-sectional study Catherine G Sutcliffe, Tamaki Kobayashi, Harry Hamapumbu, Timothy Shields, Aniset Kamanga, Sungano Mharakurwa, Philip E Thuma, Gregory Glass, William J Moss Malaria Journal 2011, 10:324 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper raises an interesting question which has relevance to current efforts to eliminate and control malaria, namely whether risk factors for malaria vary over the time.
		Research Considerations on the use of nucleic acid-based amplification for malaria parasite detection Stéphane Proux, Rossarin Suwanarusk, Marion Barends, Julien Zwang, Ric N Price, Mara Leimanis, Lily Kiricharoen, Natthapon Laochan, Bruce Russell, François Nosten, Georges Snounou Malaria Journal 2011, 10:323 (28 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The sensitivity of a given PCR assay varies between laboratories. The optimal approach to standardize methodologies is to provide PCR template standards. These will help researchers in different settings to ensure that the nucleic acid amplification protocols they wish to use provide the requisite level of sensitivity, and will permit comparison between sites.
		Commentary Implementing ideal health policy in a fragile health system: the example of expanding the use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in mainland Tanzania Irene M Masanja, Xavier de Bethune, Jan Jacobs Malaria Journal 2011, 10:322 (28 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Introducing an intervention with system-wide effect, such as the use of RDTs in areas where malaria is still a public health problem, should be accompanied by system strengthening measures to better attain the goal of improving quality of care.
		Review Systematic review and meta-analysis: rapid diagnostic tests versus placental histology, microscopy and PCR for malaria in pregnant women Johanna H Kattenberg, Eleanor A Ochodo, Kimberly R Boer, Henk DFH Schallig, Petra F Mens, Mariska MG Leeflang Malaria Journal 2011, 10:321 (28 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| F1000 \| Editor’s summary A thorough review of malaria diagnostic comparisons for the detection of malaria in pregnancy. The paper demonstrates that most of the available information is from Africa and involves the detection of P. falciparum, while our knowledge of issues outside Africa and for the detection of non-falciparum species are very limited.
		Research Decreasing incidence of severe malaria and community-acquired bacteraemia among hospitalized children in Muheza, north-eastern Tanzania, 2006-2010 George Mtove, Ben Amos, Behzad Nadjm, Ilse CE Hendriksen, Arjen M Dondorp, Abraham Mwambuli, Deok Ryun Kim, R Leon Ochiai, John D Clemens, Lorenz von Seidlein, Hugh Reyburn, Jacqueline Deen Malaria Journal 2011, 10:320 (27 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper combining data on malaria and bacteraemia in severely ill children from three trials over a four-year time period produces a compelling argument that these changes reflect and represent benefits of falling malaria transmission in the region.
		Research Baseline results of the first malaria indicator survey in Iran at the health facility level Ahmad Raiesi, Fatemeh Nikpour, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Mansoor Ranjbar, Fatemeh Rakhshani, Mahdi Mohammadi, Aliakbar Haghdost, Rahim Taghizadeh-Asl, Mohammad Sakeni, Reza Safari, Mehdi Saffari Malaria Journal 2011, 10:319 (27 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary A baseline survey of malaria-related issues in the south-eastern areas of Iran, including Sistan & Baluchestan, Hormozgan and the tropical part of Kerman provinces, which account for around 95% of all malaria cases in the country
		Research Mitochondrial NAD⁺-dependent malic enzyme from Anopheles stephensi: a possible novel target for malaria mosquito control Jennifer Pon, Eleonora Napoli, Shirley Luckhart, Cecilia Giulivi Malaria Journal 2011, 10:318 (26 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The paper describes the characterization of a mitochondrial malic enzyme from A. stephensi. The authors identified the enzyme in the mitochondrial fraction from cultured mosquito cells via LC/MS.MS analysis.
		Research The evolution of pyrimethamine resistant dhfr in Plasmodium falciparum of south-eastern Tanzania: comparing selection under SP alone vs SP+artesunate combination Allen L Malisa, Richard J Pearce, Ben M Mutayoba, Salim Abdullah, Hassan Mshinda, Patrick S Kachur, Peter Bloland, Cally Roper Malaria Journal 2011, 10:317 (26 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary One of the findings of the study is the protective role ACT can have in slowing down the rate of drug resistance: here, the adoption of ACT slowed the rate of increase in the frequency of the triple mutant resistant dhfr allele.
		Research Accessibility, availability and affordability of anti-malarials in a rural district in Kenya after implementation of a national subsidy scheme Nathan Smith, Andrew Obala, Chrispinus Simiyu, Diana Menya, Barasa Khwa-Otsyula, Wendy O'Meara Malaria Journal 2011, 10:316 (26 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper addresses a timely and extremely relevant topic for improving access to effective malaria medicines through an ambitious yet experimental subsidy scheme intervention‐the Affordable Medicine Facility‐malaria (AMFm) pilot in one of the country in sub‐Saharan Africa.
		Methodology A mass spectrometric strategy for absolute quantification of Plasmodium falciparum proteins of low abundance Paul M Southworth, John E Hyde, Paul FG Sims Malaria Journal 2011, 10:315 (25 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Elegant methodology enabling the absolute quantification of pre-selected plasmodial proteins using a combined QconCAT SRM-MS approach. The novel method would clearly offer a direct route to quantifying potentially any protein in this most difficult of proteomes.
		Research Identification, characterization and antigenicity of the Plasmodium vivax rhoptry neck protein 1 (PvRON1) Darwin A Moreno-Perez, Marjorie Montenegro, Manuel E Patarroyo, Manuel A Patarroyo Malaria Journal 2011, 10:314 (24 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central
		Commentary A national policy for malaria elimination in Swaziland: a first for sub-Saharan Africa Simon Kunene, Allison A Phillips, Roly D Gosling, Deepika Kandula, Joseph M Novotny Malaria Journal 2011, 10:313 (21 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A valuable case study that needs to be evaluated in detail in order to better understand malaria elimination and control.
		Research Conditions of malaria transmission in Dakar from 2007 to 2010 Libasse Gadiaga, Vanessa Machault, Frédéric Pagès, Abdoulaye Gaye, Fanny Jarjaval, Lydie Godefroy, Birane Cissé, Jean-Pierre Lacaux, Cheikh Sokhna, Jean-François Trape, Christophe Rogier Malaria Journal 2011, 10:312 (21 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study examines the determinants of malaria transmission in Dakar and is important given the emerging problem of malaria in urban environments.
		Research Limited response of NK92 cells to Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes Elisandra de Carvalho, Evelyn Böttger, Van Hoang, Peter G Kremsner, Jürgen FJ Kun Malaria Journal 2011, 10:311 (21 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Responsiveness of the NK cell line NK92 to P. falciparum parasitized red blood cells. Under the experimental conditions used, NK92 cells were unable to secrete IFN-gamma or to upregulate the expression of activation markers upon parasite stimulation. Changes in transcriptional profiles were detected in NK92 cells after contact with the parasite.
		Research Ex vivo susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Dakar, Senegal, to seven standard anti-malarial drugs Bécaye Fall, Silmane Diawara, Kowry Sow, Eric Baret, Bakary Diatta, Khadidiatou B Fall, Pape S Mbaye, Fatou Fall, Yaya Diémé, Christophe Rogier, Boubacar Wade, Raymond Bercion, Bruno Pradines Malaria Journal 2011, 10:310 (20 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper describes a steep reduction in the prevalence of chloroquine resistant parasites and an increase in the prevalence of mefloquine resistant parasites in the Dakar region.
		Research Association of ABO blood group with severe falciparum malaria in adults: case control study and meta-analysis Aditya K Panda, Santosh K Panda, Aditya N Sahu, Rina Tripathy, Balachandran Ravindran, Bidyut K Das Malaria Journal 2011, 10:309 (19 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Results of the study indicate that blood group 'O' is associated with reduced and 'B' blood group with increased risk of development of severe malaria in Odisha, India. Meta-analysis also supports the protective nature of blood group 'O' from severe falciparum infection.
		Research External quality assessment of malaria microscopy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Pierre Mukadi, Philippe Gillet, Albert Lukuka, Ben Atua, Simelo Kahodi, Jean Lokombe, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Jan Jacobs Malaria Journal 2011, 10:308 (18 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study reports the findings of an external quality assessment (EQA) showing an alternative to cross-checking of blood slides in the quality control of malaria microscopy. The present EQA revealed a poor quality of malaria microscopy the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
		Research Degradation of insecticides used for indoor spraying in malaria control and possible solutions Mthokozisi M Sibanda, Walter W Focke, Frederick JWJ Labuschagne, Lumbidzani Moyo, Nontete S Nhlapo, Arjun Maity, Herminio Muiambo, Pedro Massinga, Nico AS Crowther, Maureen Coetzee, Gordon WA Brindley Malaria Journal 2011, 10:307 (18 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central
		Research Placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection: Operational accuracy of HRP2 rapid diagnostic tests in a malaria endemic setting Daniel J Kyabayinze, James K Tibenderana, Mercy Nassali, Lynette K Tumwine, Clare Riches, Mark Montague, Helen Counihan, Prudence Hamade, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Sylvia Meek Malaria Journal 2011, 10:306 (18 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Hospital-based operational study comparing the accuracy of an HRP-2 specific rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to Giemsa light microscopy in the diagnosis of falciparum malaria in a hyper-endemic setting.
		Research Cost-effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) for averting anaemia in Gabon: a comparison between intention to treat and according to protocol analyses Elisa Sicuri, Prosper Biao, Guy Hutton, Fabrizio Tediosi, Clara Menendez, Bertrand Lell, Peter Kremsner, Lesong Conteh, Martin P Grobusch Malaria Journal 2011, 10:305 (17 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The findings in this paper focus on two topics: (i) the cost-effectiveness of IPTi at averting anaemia and (ii) the influence of using according to protocol trial analysis as the measure of effect, as opposed to the more commonly used intention to treat.
		Research A thirteen-year analysis of Plasmodium falciparum populations reveals high conservation of the mutant pfcrt haplotype despite the withdrawal of chloroquine from national treatment guidelines in Gabon Matthias Frank, Nicola Lehners, Pembe I Mayengue, Julian Gabor, Matthias Dal-Bianco, David U Kombila, Ghyslain Ngoma, Christian Supan, Bertrand Lell, Francine Ntoumi, Martin P Grobusch, Klaus Dietz, Peter G Kremsner Malaria Journal 2011, 10:304 (17 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A longitudinal analysis of the haplotypes of P. falciparum isolates collected before and after the replacement of chloroquine with AQ/AS in Gabon. The authors document the very strong retention of the CQ-resistant alleles of Pfcrt even after the withdrawal of chloroquine in 2003.
		Research A malaria transmission-directed model of mosquito life cycle and ecology Philip A Eckhoff Malaria Journal 2011, 10:303 (17 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper presents a new mathematical model describing the mosquito life-cycle and ecology. The model is fairly detailed and comprehensive, and similar in its intent and scope to the Depinay model.
		Case report What clinicians who practice in countries reaching malaria elimination should be aware of: lessons learnt from recent experience in Sri Lanka Ranjan Premaratna, Gowrie Galappaththy, Nilmini Chandrasena, Roshanthi Fernando, Thusha Nawasiwatte, Nilanthi R de Silva, H Janaka de Silva Malaria Journal 2011, 10:302 (14 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The article suggests that the changing symptomatology, reduced capacity of technicians and failure to inform the relevant authorities can lead to setbacks in the malaria elimination process. Further, it highlights the possible role of clinicians in the pre-elimination phase of malaria in Sri Lanka.
		Methodology Theoretical investigation of malaria prevalence in two Indian cities using the response surface method Sayantani Roy, Ram Sarkar, Somdatta Sinha Malaria Journal 2011, 10:301 (14 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Elucidation of the relationships between malaria incidence and climatic and non-climatic factors in a region is essential for understanding the causative factors of disease dissemination and design of control strategies. The methodology described promises to provide reliable forecast of malaria incidence across varying environmental conditions
		Research A simple and fast method to exclude high Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in travellers with imported malaria Tom van Gool, Marlies E van Wolfswinkel, Rob Koelewijn, Pieter PAM van Thiel, Jan Jacobs, Jaap J van Hellemond, Perry JJ van Genderen Malaria Journal 2011, 10:300 (14 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Assessment of HRP-2 and aldolase co-reactivity can be of help in clinical decision making in the acute care setting of returning travellers suspected of having malaria.
		Research Evidence for a useful life of more than three years for a polyester-based long-lasting insecticidal mosquito net in Western Uganda Albert Kilian, Wilson Byamukama, Olivier Pigeon, John Gimnig, Francis Atieli, Lizette Koekemoer, Natacha Protopopoff Malaria Journal 2011, 10:299 (13 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper describes an assessment of net effectiveness after three years of field use. It includes important data and observations, especially on the aspect physical durability and to a lesser degree on bio-efficacy.
		Research Bayesian geostatistical modelling of malaria and lymphatic filariasis infections in Uganda: predictors of risk and geographical patterns of co-endemicity Anna-Sofie Stensgaard, Penelope Vounatsou, Ambrose W Onapa, Paul E Simonsen, Erling M Pedersen, Carsten Rahbek, Thomas K Kristensen Malaria Journal 2011, 10:298 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Co-distribution of LF and malaria parasites, using survey data collected in the same individuals (school aged children) at the same time (national survey conducted between 2000-2003) in Uganda. These are important pathogens, transmitted by the same vector and, given the potential for integrated control, investigation of factors driving co-endemicity are timely.
		Review Determinants of relapse periodicity in Plasmodium vivax malaria Nicholas J White Malaria Journal 2011, 10:297 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A review describing current and, more importantly, past (and forgotten) understanding of the biology of relapse in P. vivax malaria. It provides a welcome treasure trove of citations to that older literature, in addition to putting forth an interesting new hypothesis worthy of testing, i.e., activation of hypnozoites by febrile illness.
		Research Falciparum malaria in young children of rural Burkina Faso: comparison of survey data in 1999 with 2009 Claudia Beiersmann, Mamadou Bountogo, Justin Tiendrébeogo, Manuela De Allegri, Valérie R Louis, Boubacar Coulibaly, Maurice Yé, Olaf Mueller Malaria Journal 2011, 10:296 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper explores the changes in parasite rates and ITN use in young children in eight purposively selected villages in Burkina Faso over a period of ten years.
		Research In vitro anti-plasmodial activity of Dicoma anomala subsp. gerrardii (Asteraceae): identification of its main active constituent, structure-activity relationship studies and gene expression profiling John VW Becker, Marina M van der Merwe, Anna C van Brummelen, Pamisha Pillay, Bridget G Crampton, Edwin M Mmutlane, Chris Parkinson, Fanie R van Heerden, Neil R Crouch, Peter J Smith, Dalu T Mancama, Vinesh J Maharaj Malaria Journal 2011, 10:295 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Paper investigates the anti-plasmodial effect of the South African medicinal plant Dicoma anomala subsp. gerrardii, based on its ethnomedicinal profile. Using conventional fractionation and purification techniques, authors were able by various chemical techniques to identify the most active anti-plasmodial compound in the in vitro P. falciparum as dehydrobrachylaenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone.
		Research Sensitivity of Anopheles gambiae population dynamics to meteo-hydrological variability: a mechanistic approach Gianni Gilioli, Luigi Mariani Malaria Journal 2011, 10:294 (10 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A mosquito population model is proposed to evaluate the sensitivity of An. gambiae s.s. population to some peculiar thermal-pluviometric scenarios. The scenarios are obtained from four Kenyan sites (Nairobi, Nyabondo, Kibwesi, and Malindi) representing four different eco-epidemiological settings.
		Research Intravenous pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, dose proportionality and in situ permeability of anti-malarial lumefantrine in rats Wahajuddin, Sheelendra P Singh, Kanumuri SR Raju, Asad Nafis, Sunil K Puri, Girish K Jain Malaria Journal 2011, 10:293 (10 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Lumefantrine displayed similar pharmacokinetics in the rat as in humans, with multiphasic disposition, low clearance, and a large volume of distribution resulting in a long terminal elimination half-life. The absolute oral bioavailability of lumefantrine was found to be dose dependent.
		Review Use of mefloquine in children - a review of dosage, pharmacokinetics and tolerability data Patricia Schlagenhauf, Miriam Adamcova, Loredana Regep, Martin T Schaerer, Sudhir Bansod, Hans-Georg Rhein Malaria Journal 2011, 10:292 (7 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper covers an interesting and important topic: an overview of available material on the use of mefloquine in children, including some data from reports that were previously submitted to regulatory authorities, but which were otherwise not available in the public domain.
		Methodology Transgenic Plasmodium parasites stably expressing Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase as in vitro and in vivo models for antifolate screening Voravuth Somsak, Chairat Uthaipibull, Parichat Prommana, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Yongyuth Yuthavong, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan Malaria Journal 2011, 10:291 (7 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary To facilitate the development of anti-P. vivax drugs, bacterial and yeast surrogate models expressing the validated P. vivax target dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) have been generated. In this study, transgenic P. falciparum and P. berghei lines stably expressing PvDHFR-TS were obtained.
		Research Treatment guided by rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in Tanzanian children: safety and alternative bacterial diagnoses George Mtove, Ilse CE Hendriksen, Ben Amos, Hedwiga Mrema, Victor Mandia, Alphaxard Manjurano, Florida Muro, Alma Sykes, Helena Hildenwall, Christopher JM Whitty, Hugh Reyburn Malaria Journal 2011, 10:290 (6 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Use of RDTs to direct the use of anti-malarial drugs in young children did not result in any missed diagnoses of malaria although new infections soon after a consultation with a negative RDT result may undermine confidence in results.
		Research Population genetic structure of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles gambiae in a malaria endemic region of southern Tanzania Kija R Ng'habi, Bart GJ Knols, Yoosook Lee, Heather M Ferguson, Gregory C Lanzaro Malaria Journal 2011, 10:289 (5 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Paper reports evidence of high genetic differentiation among An. arabiensis populations from Kilombero valley in Tanzania. This subject is very relevant and original, as very few indications of population sub-structuring have been reported in this malaria vector species.
		Research Malaria knowledge and long-lasting insecticidal net use in rural communities of central Côte d'Ivoire Allassane F Ouattara, Giovanna Raso, Constant VA Edi, Jürg Utzinger, Marcel Tanner, Mamadou Dagnogo, Benjamin G Koudou Malaria Journal 2011, 10:288 (4 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Paper sheds light on fundamental issues, such as inequality in health and the value of health promotion and education, particularly among the poorer segments of the population. Such knowledge may change behaviour and lead to an increased utilization of LLINs.
		Research Changes in vector species composition and current vector biology and behaviour will favour malaria elimination in Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands Hugo Bugoro, Charlie Iro'ofa, Donna O Mackenzie, Allen Apairamo, Watson Hevalao, Sarah Corcoran, Albino Bobogare, Nigel W Beebe, Tanya L Russell, Cheng-Chen Chen, Robert D Cooper Malaria Journal 2011, 10:287 (30 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary An important paper on the malaria vectors of the Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands, which gives the current status of the vectorial fauna and valuable insights into vector control and the perspective of malaria elimination from this area of Southwest Pacific.
		Research Laboratory demonstration of a prozone-like effect in HRP2-detecting malaria rapid diagnostic tests: implications for clinical management Jennifer Luchavez, Joanne Baker, Sheila Alcantara, Vicente Belizario, Qin Cheng, James S McCarthy, David Bell Malaria Journal 2011, 10:286 (29 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary These results suggest that false-negative malaria RDT results will rarely occur due to a prozone-like effect in high-density infections, and other causes are more likely. RDT line intensity is poorly indicative of parasite density in high-density infections and RDTs should, therefore, not be considered quantitative.

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		Research Pharmaceutical services for endemic situations in the Brazilian Amazon: organization of services and prescribing practices for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum non-complicated malaria in high-risk municipalities Martha C Suárez-Mutis, Paula P de Souza, Letícia F Freitas, Elaine S Miranda, Mônica R Campos, Claudia GS Osorio-de-Castro Malaria Journal 2011, 10:335 (3 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Study on malaria pharmaceutical practices in six Brazilian municipalities with high malaria incidence. The topic of pharmaceutical assistance for malaria in Latin America is of major public health importance and has not received the deserved attention in the literature and the results of this study may have important consequences for malaria-oriented health services in the Amazon region and may contribute to the adoption of more effective organizational strategies.
		Research Malaria with neurological involvement in Ugandan children: effect on cognitive ability, academic achievement and behaviour Paul Bangirana, Seggane Musisi, Michael J Boivin, Anna Ehnvall, Chandy C John, Tracy L Bergemann, Peter Allebeck Malaria Journal 2011, 10:334 (3 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary A study that has the potential to add to our knowledge of the cognitive and behavioral impairments associated with malaria with neurological impairment in particularly by extending the range of outcomes that have been assessed in this population.
		Research Variations of insecticide residual bio-efficacy on different types of walls: results from a community-based trial in south Cameroon Josiane Etang, Philippe Nwane, Jean Mbida, Michael Piameu, Blaise Manga, Daniel Souop, Parfait Awono-Ambene Malaria Journal 2011, 10:333 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The study is a useful for Cameroon and other malaria control programmes on how to make judicious choice of the best candidate to be used for IRS.
		Research Low quality of routine microscopy for malaria at different levels of the health system in Dar es Salaam Judith Kahama-Maro, Valerie D'Acremont, Deo Mtasiwa, Blaise Genton, Christian Lengeler Malaria Journal 2011, 10:332 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary There is a general awareness that quality is generally exceedingly poor in African malarious areas and that microscopy is not as an effective aid to clinical decision as it could be. Having fresh data on microscopy quality in the field is remarkably useful.
		Research Assessment of the knowledge of graphical symbols labelled on malaria rapid diagnostic tests in four international settings Veerle Hermans, Lianet Monzote, Björn Van den Sande, Pierre Mukadi, Thai Sopheak, Philippe Gillet, Jan Jacobs Malaria Journal 2011, 10:331 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Important issue for in-vitro diagnostics (and many other medical practices and procedures): do the symbols created by the manufacturer or others to convey essential information successfully convey that information to people who will be preparing the tests or carrying out the procedures?
		Research Multivariate modelling with ¹H NMR of pleural effusion in murine cerebral malaria Soumita Ghosh, Arjun Sengupta, Shobhona Sharma, Haripalsingh M Sonawat Malaria Journal 2011, 10:330 (2 November 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Interesting contribution to our knowledge of the pathophysiology of severe malaria in the ANKA model - characterization of metabolites in pleural effusion formed during murine cerebral malaria
		Research Sexual recombination is a signature of a persisting malaria epidemic in Peru Patrick L Sutton, Lindsay P Torres, OraLee H Branch Malaria Journal 2011, 10:329 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A hypothesis that sexual recombination is important to determine the local subpopulation structure, based on the analysis of a longitudinal dataset.
		Research Case management of malaria fever in Cambodia: results from national anti-malarial outlet and household surveys Megan Littrell, Hellen Gatakaa, Sochea Phok, Henrietta Allen, Shunmay Yeung, Char Chuor, Lek Dysoley, Duong Socheat, Angus Spiers, Chris White, Tanya Shewchuk, Desmond Chavasse, Kathryn A O'Connell Malaria Journal 2011, 10:328 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary An interesting paper, reporting data from large surveys both at outlet and household level. While this data shows favourable progress towards replacing artemisinin monotherapies with ACT, the widespread use of drug cocktails to treat malaria is a barrier to effective case management.
		Research Monitoring fever treatment behaviour and equitable access to effective medicines in the context of initiatives to improve ACT access: baseline results and implications for programming in six African countries Megan Littrell, Hellen Gatakaa, Illah Evance, Stephen Poyer, Julius Njogu, Tsione Solomon, Erik Munroe, Steven Chapman, Catherine Goodman, Kara Hanson, Cyprien Zinsou, Louis Akulayi, Jacky Raharinjatovo, Ekundayo Arogundade, Peter Buyungo, Felton Mpasela, Cherifatou Adjibabi, Jean Agbango, Benjamin Ramarosandratana, Babajide Coker, Denis Rubahika, Busiku Hamainza, Tanya Shewchuk, Desmond Chavasse, Kathryn A O'Connell Malaria Journal 2011, 10:327 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The household surveys conducted by ACTwatch are rich resources of information on case management and this synthesis of the data adds to our knowledge of care-seeking, diagnostics and treatment of sick children.
		Research Got ACTs? Availability, price, market share and provider knowledge of anti-malarial medicines in public and private sector outlets in six malaria-endemic countries Kathryn A O'Connell, Hellen Gatakaa, Stephen Poyer, Julius Njogu, Illah Evance, Erik Munroe, Tsione Solomon, Catherine Goodman, Kara Hanson, Cyprien Zinsou, Louis Akulayi, Jacky Raharinjatovo, Ekundayo Arogundade, Peter Buyungo, Felton Mpasela, Chérifatou Adjibabi, Jean Agbango, Benjamin Ramarosandratana, Babajide Coker, Denis Rubahika, Busiku Hamainza, Steven Chapman, Tanya Shewchuk, Desmond Chavasse Malaria Journal 2011, 10:326 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Useful synthesis of survey results providing essential information on the availability of anti-malarials, especially in the private sector where data has been extremely limited.
		Methodology The ACTwatch project: methods to describe anti-malarial markets in seven countries Tanya Shewchuk, Kathryn A O'Connell, Catherine Goodman, Kara Hanson, Steven Chapman, Desmond Chavasse Malaria Journal 2011, 10:325 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This is a methodological paper that describes how the ACTwatch project is implemented and the design of the three components, supply chain research, outlet surveys and household surveys.
		Research Changing individual-level risk factors for malaria with declining transmission in southern Zambia: a cross-sectional study Catherine G Sutcliffe, Tamaki Kobayashi, Harry Hamapumbu, Timothy Shields, Aniset Kamanga, Sungano Mharakurwa, Philip E Thuma, Gregory Glass, William J Moss Malaria Journal 2011, 10:324 (31 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper raises an interesting question which has relevance to current efforts to eliminate and control malaria, namely whether risk factors for malaria vary over the time.
		Research Considerations on the use of nucleic acid-based amplification for malaria parasite detection Stéphane Proux, Rossarin Suwanarusk, Marion Barends, Julien Zwang, Ric N Price, Mara Leimanis, Lily Kiricharoen, Natthapon Laochan, Bruce Russell, François Nosten, Georges Snounou Malaria Journal 2011, 10:323 (28 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The sensitivity of a given PCR assay varies between laboratories. The optimal approach to standardize methodologies is to provide PCR template standards. These will help researchers in different settings to ensure that the nucleic acid amplification protocols they wish to use provide the requisite level of sensitivity, and will permit comparison between sites.
		Commentary Implementing ideal health policy in a fragile health system: the example of expanding the use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in mainland Tanzania Irene M Masanja, Xavier de Bethune, Jan Jacobs Malaria Journal 2011, 10:322 (28 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Introducing an intervention with system-wide effect, such as the use of RDTs in areas where malaria is still a public health problem, should be accompanied by system strengthening measures to better attain the goal of improving quality of care.
		Review Systematic review and meta-analysis: rapid diagnostic tests versus placental histology, microscopy and PCR for malaria in pregnant women Johanna H Kattenberg, Eleanor A Ochodo, Kimberly R Boer, Henk DFH Schallig, Petra F Mens, Mariska MG Leeflang Malaria Journal 2011, 10:321 (28 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| F1000 \| Editor’s summary A thorough review of malaria diagnostic comparisons for the detection of malaria in pregnancy. The paper demonstrates that most of the available information is from Africa and involves the detection of P. falciparum, while our knowledge of issues outside Africa and for the detection of non-falciparum species are very limited.
		Research Decreasing incidence of severe malaria and community-acquired bacteraemia among hospitalized children in Muheza, north-eastern Tanzania, 2006-2010 George Mtove, Ben Amos, Behzad Nadjm, Ilse CE Hendriksen, Arjen M Dondorp, Abraham Mwambuli, Deok Ryun Kim, R Leon Ochiai, John D Clemens, Lorenz von Seidlein, Hugh Reyburn, Jacqueline Deen Malaria Journal 2011, 10:320 (27 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper combining data on malaria and bacteraemia in severely ill children from three trials over a four-year time period produces a compelling argument that these changes reflect and represent benefits of falling malaria transmission in the region.
		Research Baseline results of the first malaria indicator survey in Iran at the health facility level Ahmad Raiesi, Fatemeh Nikpour, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Mansoor Ranjbar, Fatemeh Rakhshani, Mahdi Mohammadi, Aliakbar Haghdost, Rahim Taghizadeh-Asl, Mohammad Sakeni, Reza Safari, Mehdi Saffari Malaria Journal 2011, 10:319 (27 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary A baseline survey of malaria-related issues in the south-eastern areas of Iran, including Sistan & Baluchestan, Hormozgan and the tropical part of Kerman provinces, which account for around 95% of all malaria cases in the country
		Research Mitochondrial NAD⁺-dependent malic enzyme from Anopheles stephensi: a possible novel target for malaria mosquito control Jennifer Pon, Eleonora Napoli, Shirley Luckhart, Cecilia Giulivi Malaria Journal 2011, 10:318 (26 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The paper describes the characterization of a mitochondrial malic enzyme from A. stephensi. The authors identified the enzyme in the mitochondrial fraction from cultured mosquito cells via LC/MS.MS analysis.
		Research The evolution of pyrimethamine resistant dhfr in Plasmodium falciparum of south-eastern Tanzania: comparing selection under SP alone vs SP+artesunate combination Allen L Malisa, Richard J Pearce, Ben M Mutayoba, Salim Abdullah, Hassan Mshinda, Patrick S Kachur, Peter Bloland, Cally Roper Malaria Journal 2011, 10:317 (26 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary One of the findings of the study is the protective role ACT can have in slowing down the rate of drug resistance: here, the adoption of ACT slowed the rate of increase in the frequency of the triple mutant resistant dhfr allele.
		Research Accessibility, availability and affordability of anti-malarials in a rural district in Kenya after implementation of a national subsidy scheme Nathan Smith, Andrew Obala, Chrispinus Simiyu, Diana Menya, Barasa Khwa-Otsyula, Wendy O'Meara Malaria Journal 2011, 10:316 (26 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper addresses a timely and extremely relevant topic for improving access to effective malaria medicines through an ambitious yet experimental subsidy scheme intervention‐the Affordable Medicine Facility‐malaria (AMFm) pilot in one of the country in sub‐Saharan Africa.
		Methodology A mass spectrometric strategy for absolute quantification of Plasmodium falciparum proteins of low abundance Paul M Southworth, John E Hyde, Paul FG Sims Malaria Journal 2011, 10:315 (25 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Elegant methodology enabling the absolute quantification of pre-selected plasmodial proteins using a combined QconCAT SRM-MS approach. The novel method would clearly offer a direct route to quantifying potentially any protein in this most difficult of proteomes.
		Research Identification, characterization and antigenicity of the Plasmodium vivax rhoptry neck protein 1 (PvRON1) Darwin A Moreno-Perez, Marjorie Montenegro, Manuel E Patarroyo, Manuel A Patarroyo Malaria Journal 2011, 10:314 (24 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central
		Commentary A national policy for malaria elimination in Swaziland: a first for sub-Saharan Africa Simon Kunene, Allison A Phillips, Roly D Gosling, Deepika Kandula, Joseph M Novotny Malaria Journal 2011, 10:313 (21 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A valuable case study that needs to be evaluated in detail in order to better understand malaria elimination and control.
		Research Conditions of malaria transmission in Dakar from 2007 to 2010 Libasse Gadiaga, Vanessa Machault, Frédéric Pagès, Abdoulaye Gaye, Fanny Jarjaval, Lydie Godefroy, Birane Cissé, Jean-Pierre Lacaux, Cheikh Sokhna, Jean-François Trape, Christophe Rogier Malaria Journal 2011, 10:312 (21 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study examines the determinants of malaria transmission in Dakar and is important given the emerging problem of malaria in urban environments.
		Research Limited response of NK92 cells to Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes Elisandra de Carvalho, Evelyn Böttger, Van Hoang, Peter G Kremsner, Jürgen FJ Kun Malaria Journal 2011, 10:311 (21 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Responsiveness of the NK cell line NK92 to P. falciparum parasitized red blood cells. Under the experimental conditions used, NK92 cells were unable to secrete IFN-gamma or to upregulate the expression of activation markers upon parasite stimulation. Changes in transcriptional profiles were detected in NK92 cells after contact with the parasite.
		Research Ex vivo susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Dakar, Senegal, to seven standard anti-malarial drugs Bécaye Fall, Silmane Diawara, Kowry Sow, Eric Baret, Bakary Diatta, Khadidiatou B Fall, Pape S Mbaye, Fatou Fall, Yaya Diémé, Christophe Rogier, Boubacar Wade, Raymond Bercion, Bruno Pradines Malaria Journal 2011, 10:310 (20 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper describes a steep reduction in the prevalence of chloroquine resistant parasites and an increase in the prevalence of mefloquine resistant parasites in the Dakar region.
		Research Association of ABO blood group with severe falciparum malaria in adults: case control study and meta-analysis Aditya K Panda, Santosh K Panda, Aditya N Sahu, Rina Tripathy, Balachandran Ravindran, Bidyut K Das Malaria Journal 2011, 10:309 (19 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Results of the study indicate that blood group 'O' is associated with reduced and 'B' blood group with increased risk of development of severe malaria in Odisha, India. Meta-analysis also supports the protective nature of blood group 'O' from severe falciparum infection.
		Research External quality assessment of malaria microscopy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Pierre Mukadi, Philippe Gillet, Albert Lukuka, Ben Atua, Simelo Kahodi, Jean Lokombe, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Jan Jacobs Malaria Journal 2011, 10:308 (18 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This study reports the findings of an external quality assessment (EQA) showing an alternative to cross-checking of blood slides in the quality control of malaria microscopy. The present EQA revealed a poor quality of malaria microscopy the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
		Research Degradation of insecticides used for indoor spraying in malaria control and possible solutions Mthokozisi M Sibanda, Walter W Focke, Frederick JWJ Labuschagne, Lumbidzani Moyo, Nontete S Nhlapo, Arjun Maity, Herminio Muiambo, Pedro Massinga, Nico AS Crowther, Maureen Coetzee, Gordon WA Brindley Malaria Journal 2011, 10:307 (18 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central
		Research Placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection: Operational accuracy of HRP2 rapid diagnostic tests in a malaria endemic setting Daniel J Kyabayinze, James K Tibenderana, Mercy Nassali, Lynette K Tumwine, Clare Riches, Mark Montague, Helen Counihan, Prudence Hamade, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Sylvia Meek Malaria Journal 2011, 10:306 (18 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Hospital-based operational study comparing the accuracy of an HRP-2 specific rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to Giemsa light microscopy in the diagnosis of falciparum malaria in a hyper-endemic setting.
		Research Cost-effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) for averting anaemia in Gabon: a comparison between intention to treat and according to protocol analyses Elisa Sicuri, Prosper Biao, Guy Hutton, Fabrizio Tediosi, Clara Menendez, Bertrand Lell, Peter Kremsner, Lesong Conteh, Martin P Grobusch Malaria Journal 2011, 10:305 (17 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The findings in this paper focus on two topics: (i) the cost-effectiveness of IPTi at averting anaemia and (ii) the influence of using according to protocol trial analysis as the measure of effect, as opposed to the more commonly used intention to treat.
		Research A thirteen-year analysis of Plasmodium falciparum populations reveals high conservation of the mutant pfcrt haplotype despite the withdrawal of chloroquine from national treatment guidelines in Gabon Matthias Frank, Nicola Lehners, Pembe I Mayengue, Julian Gabor, Matthias Dal-Bianco, David U Kombila, Ghyslain Ngoma, Christian Supan, Bertrand Lell, Francine Ntoumi, Martin P Grobusch, Klaus Dietz, Peter G Kremsner Malaria Journal 2011, 10:304 (17 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A longitudinal analysis of the haplotypes of P. falciparum isolates collected before and after the replacement of chloroquine with AQ/AS in Gabon. The authors document the very strong retention of the CQ-resistant alleles of Pfcrt even after the withdrawal of chloroquine in 2003.
		Research A malaria transmission-directed model of mosquito life cycle and ecology Philip A Eckhoff Malaria Journal 2011, 10:303 (17 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper presents a new mathematical model describing the mosquito life-cycle and ecology. The model is fairly detailed and comprehensive, and similar in its intent and scope to the Depinay model.
		Case report What clinicians who practice in countries reaching malaria elimination should be aware of: lessons learnt from recent experience in Sri Lanka Ranjan Premaratna, Gowrie Galappaththy, Nilmini Chandrasena, Roshanthi Fernando, Thusha Nawasiwatte, Nilanthi R de Silva, H Janaka de Silva Malaria Journal 2011, 10:302 (14 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary The article suggests that the changing symptomatology, reduced capacity of technicians and failure to inform the relevant authorities can lead to setbacks in the malaria elimination process. Further, it highlights the possible role of clinicians in the pre-elimination phase of malaria in Sri Lanka.
		Methodology Theoretical investigation of malaria prevalence in two Indian cities using the response surface method Sayantani Roy, Ram Sarkar, Somdatta Sinha Malaria Journal 2011, 10:301 (14 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Elucidation of the relationships between malaria incidence and climatic and non-climatic factors in a region is essential for understanding the causative factors of disease dissemination and design of control strategies. The methodology described promises to provide reliable forecast of malaria incidence across varying environmental conditions
		Research A simple and fast method to exclude high Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in travellers with imported malaria Tom van Gool, Marlies E van Wolfswinkel, Rob Koelewijn, Pieter PAM van Thiel, Jan Jacobs, Jaap J van Hellemond, Perry JJ van Genderen Malaria Journal 2011, 10:300 (14 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Assessment of HRP-2 and aldolase co-reactivity can be of help in clinical decision making in the acute care setting of returning travellers suspected of having malaria.
		Research Evidence for a useful life of more than three years for a polyester-based long-lasting insecticidal mosquito net in Western Uganda Albert Kilian, Wilson Byamukama, Olivier Pigeon, John Gimnig, Francis Atieli, Lizette Koekemoer, Natacha Protopopoff Malaria Journal 2011, 10:299 (13 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper describes an assessment of net effectiveness after three years of field use. It includes important data and observations, especially on the aspect physical durability and to a lesser degree on bio-efficacy.
		Research Bayesian geostatistical modelling of malaria and lymphatic filariasis infections in Uganda: predictors of risk and geographical patterns of co-endemicity Anna-Sofie Stensgaard, Penelope Vounatsou, Ambrose W Onapa, Paul E Simonsen, Erling M Pedersen, Carsten Rahbek, Thomas K Kristensen Malaria Journal 2011, 10:298 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Co-distribution of LF and malaria parasites, using survey data collected in the same individuals (school aged children) at the same time (national survey conducted between 2000-2003) in Uganda. These are important pathogens, transmitted by the same vector and, given the potential for integrated control, investigation of factors driving co-endemicity are timely.
		Review Determinants of relapse periodicity in Plasmodium vivax malaria Nicholas J White Malaria Journal 2011, 10:297 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A review describing current and, more importantly, past (and forgotten) understanding of the biology of relapse in P. vivax malaria. It provides a welcome treasure trove of citations to that older literature, in addition to putting forth an interesting new hypothesis worthy of testing, i.e., activation of hypnozoites by febrile illness.
		Research Falciparum malaria in young children of rural Burkina Faso: comparison of survey data in 1999 with 2009 Claudia Beiersmann, Mamadou Bountogo, Justin Tiendrébeogo, Manuela De Allegri, Valérie R Louis, Boubacar Coulibaly, Maurice Yé, Olaf Mueller Malaria Journal 2011, 10:296 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary The paper explores the changes in parasite rates and ITN use in young children in eight purposively selected villages in Burkina Faso over a period of ten years.
		Research In vitro anti-plasmodial activity of Dicoma anomala subsp. gerrardii (Asteraceae): identification of its main active constituent, structure-activity relationship studies and gene expression profiling John VW Becker, Marina M van der Merwe, Anna C van Brummelen, Pamisha Pillay, Bridget G Crampton, Edwin M Mmutlane, Chris Parkinson, Fanie R van Heerden, Neil R Crouch, Peter J Smith, Dalu T Mancama, Vinesh J Maharaj Malaria Journal 2011, 10:295 (11 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Paper investigates the anti-plasmodial effect of the South African medicinal plant Dicoma anomala subsp. gerrardii, based on its ethnomedicinal profile. Using conventional fractionation and purification techniques, authors were able by various chemical techniques to identify the most active anti-plasmodial compound in the in vitro P. falciparum as dehydrobrachylaenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone.
		Research Sensitivity of Anopheles gambiae population dynamics to meteo-hydrological variability: a mechanistic approach Gianni Gilioli, Luigi Mariani Malaria Journal 2011, 10:294 (10 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary A mosquito population model is proposed to evaluate the sensitivity of An. gambiae s.s. population to some peculiar thermal-pluviometric scenarios. The scenarios are obtained from four Kenyan sites (Nairobi, Nyabondo, Kibwesi, and Malindi) representing four different eco-epidemiological settings.
		Research Intravenous pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, dose proportionality and in situ permeability of anti-malarial lumefantrine in rats Wahajuddin, Sheelendra P Singh, Kanumuri SR Raju, Asad Nafis, Sunil K Puri, Girish K Jain Malaria Journal 2011, 10:293 (10 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Lumefantrine displayed similar pharmacokinetics in the rat as in humans, with multiphasic disposition, low clearance, and a large volume of distribution resulting in a long terminal elimination half-life. The absolute oral bioavailability of lumefantrine was found to be dose dependent.
		Review Use of mefloquine in children - a review of dosage, pharmacokinetics and tolerability data Patricia Schlagenhauf, Miriam Adamcova, Loredana Regep, Martin T Schaerer, Sudhir Bansod, Hans-Georg Rhein Malaria Journal 2011, 10:292 (7 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary This paper covers an interesting and important topic: an overview of available material on the use of mefloquine in children, including some data from reports that were previously submitted to regulatory authorities, but which were otherwise not available in the public domain.
		Methodology Transgenic Plasmodium parasites stably expressing Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase as in vitro and in vivo models for antifolate screening Voravuth Somsak, Chairat Uthaipibull, Parichat Prommana, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Yongyuth Yuthavong, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan Malaria Journal 2011, 10:291 (7 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary To facilitate the development of anti-P. vivax drugs, bacterial and yeast surrogate models expressing the validated P. vivax target dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) have been generated. In this study, transgenic P. falciparum and P. berghei lines stably expressing PvDHFR-TS were obtained.
		Research Treatment guided by rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in Tanzanian children: safety and alternative bacterial diagnoses George Mtove, Ilse CE Hendriksen, Ben Amos, Hedwiga Mrema, Victor Mandia, Alphaxard Manjurano, Florida Muro, Alma Sykes, Helena Hildenwall, Christopher JM Whitty, Hugh Reyburn Malaria Journal 2011, 10:290 (6 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Use of RDTs to direct the use of anti-malarial drugs in young children did not result in any missed diagnoses of malaria although new infections soon after a consultation with a negative RDT result may undermine confidence in results.
		Research Population genetic structure of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles gambiae in a malaria endemic region of southern Tanzania Kija R Ng'habi, Bart GJ Knols, Yoosook Lee, Heather M Ferguson, Gregory C Lanzaro Malaria Journal 2011, 10:289 (5 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Editor’s summary Paper reports evidence of high genetic differentiation among An. arabiensis populations from Kilombero valley in Tanzania. This subject is very relevant and original, as very few indications of population sub-structuring have been reported in this malaria vector species.
		Research Malaria knowledge and long-lasting insecticidal net use in rural communities of central Côte d'Ivoire Allassane F Ouattara, Giovanna Raso, Constant VA Edi, Jürg Utzinger, Marcel Tanner, Mamadou Dagnogo, Benjamin G Koudou Malaria Journal 2011, 10:288 (4 October 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary Paper sheds light on fundamental issues, such as inequality in health and the value of health promotion and education, particularly among the poorer segments of the population. Such knowledge may change behaviour and lead to an increased utilization of LLINs.
		Research Changes in vector species composition and current vector biology and behaviour will favour malaria elimination in Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands Hugo Bugoro, Charlie Iro'ofa, Donna O Mackenzie, Allen Apairamo, Watson Hevalao, Sarah Corcoran, Albino Bobogare, Nigel W Beebe, Tanya L Russell, Cheng-Chen Chen, Robert D Cooper Malaria Journal 2011, 10:287 (30 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| 1 comment \| Editor’s summary An important paper on the malaria vectors of the Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands, which gives the current status of the vectorial fauna and valuable insights into vector control and the perspective of malaria elimination from this area of Southwest Pacific.
		Research Laboratory demonstration of a prozone-like effect in HRP2-detecting malaria rapid diagnostic tests: implications for clinical management Jennifer Luchavez, Joanne Baker, Sheila Alcantara, Vicente Belizario, Qin Cheng, James S McCarthy, David Bell Malaria Journal 2011, 10:286 (29 September 2011) Abstract \| Full text \| PDF \| PubMed \| Cited on BioMed Central \| Editor’s summary These results suggest that false-negative malaria RDT results will rarely occur due to a prozone-like effect in high-density infections, and other causes are more likely. RDT line intensity is poorly indicative of parasite density in high-density infections and RDTs should, therefore, not be considered quantitative.