Table 8

Abiotic and biotic characteristics of six habitat types surveyed for insect emergence (values represent means (95% CI) of all sampling events during the rainy season 2005)

Water temperature (°C)

Conductivity (μS/cm)

Turbidity (NTU)

Chironomida/m²/week

Odonata & Coleoptera/m²/week

Diversity

Index

Frequency of algae present in habitat (%)

Pools

33.2

(31.1–35.5)^c

323

(227–874)^a

204

(97–310)^a,b

166

(125–212)^a,b

1.18

(0.99–1.38)^a

0.5

(0.44–0.56)^a

69.9

Rice close to upland

28.9

(25.8–32.0)^a,b

3138

(1990–4286)^b

316

(133–500)^a

334

(231–439)^a

1.11

(0.90–1.32)^a

0.36

(0.31–0.42)^b

61.6

Rice far from upland

30.0

(28.0–32.0)^b,c

2502

(915–4088)^a,b

206

(108–305)^a,b

58

(38–79)^c

0.32

(0.21–0.44)^b

0.40

(0.35–0.44)^a,b

18.5

Edge floodwater

27.6

(25.9–29.4)^a,b

2064

(1608–2519)^a,b

76

(40–111)^b

105

(75–134)^b,c

0.31

(0.20–0.41)^b

0.32

(0.28–0.35)^b

21.7

River floodwater

28.7

(27.1–30.3)^a,b

1472

(926–2019)^a,b

72

(38–105)^b

59

(46–70)^c

0.21

(0.09–0.32)^b

0.35

(0.31–0.38)^b

10.9

Stream fringes

25.7

(23.8–27.5)^a

7199

(5618–8778)^c

102

(59–144)^b

149

(117–181)^a,b

0.41

(0.31–0.51)^b

0.33

(0.29–0.37)^b

47.4

ANOVA/χ²

F(2,125) =

6.672,

p < 0.001

F(5,119) =

20.65,

p < 0.001

F(5,103) =

4.627,

p = 0.001

F(5,709) =

12.735,

p < 0.001

F(5,709) =

35.205,

p < 0.001

F(5,709) =

8.090,

p < 0.001

χ² = 151.1, df = 5,

p < 0.001

Different letters indicate significance (p < 0.05) based on Gabriel post-hoc test for ANOVA, insect density was log transformed;

Chi² test was used for comparing the proportion of time algae were found in a habitat type

Fillinger et al. Malaria Journal 2009 8:62   doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-62