Table 1 |
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The influence of parasitological status on the association between the risk of clinical episode of malaria and antibodies against various malaria antigens |
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|
Study population [ref] |
Antigen |
Parasites alone |
Antibodies alone |
Parasites + Antibodies |
|
|
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|
Chonyi [50] |
AMA1 Pro/DI/II/III |
2.65 (P < 0.050) |
1.87 (P = 0.093) |
0.38 (P < 0.050) |
|
Chonyi [50] |
AMA1 DI/II/III |
2.12 (P = 0.049) |
0.049 (P < 0.050) |
|
|
Chonyi [7] |
MSP2 type A |
2.95 (P < 0.050) |
8.94 (P = 0.008) |
0.47 (P = 0.414) |
|
Chonyi[7] |
MSP2 type B |
3.97 (P < 0.050) |
0.76 (P = 0.599) |
0.83 (P = 0.818) |
|
chonyi [51] |
MSP3 |
1.14 (P = 0.717) |
0.41 (P = 0.011) |
|
|
Ngerenya[52] |
VSA (isolate A4U) |
3.78 (P = 0.022) |
1.35 (P= 0.567) |
1.67 (P = 0.325) |
|
VSA (isolate A4 40C) |
5.35 (P = 0.005) |
2.88 (P = 0.064) |
1.55 (P = 0.402) |
|
|
VSA (isolate 3D7) |
7.10 (P = 0.004) |
2.01 (P = 1.700) |
1.43 (P= 0.479) |
|
|
VSA (isolate P1) |
2.53 (P = 0.035) |
3.72 (P = 0.050) |
1.38 (P = 0.587) |
|
|
Antibody responses stratified by titre |
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|
Variant surface antigens |
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|
Ngerenya [18] |
Medium tertile |
5.90 (P = 0.018) |
2.05 (P = 0.06) |
0.21 (P = 0.200) |
|
Highest tertile |
4.34 (P = 0.01) |
0.09 (P = 0.041) |
||
|
MSP2 type A |
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|
Chonyi [7] |
Lowest quartile |
2.95 (P < 0.050) |
4.27 (P = 0.050) |
|
|
Highest quartile |
0.56 (P = 0.418) |
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|
Ngerenya [7] |
Lowest quartile |
1.66 (P < 0.050) |
1.11 (P = 0.740) |
|
|
Highest quartile |
0.39 (P = 0.044) |
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|
MSP2 type b |
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|
Chonyi [7] |
Lowest quartile |
3.97 (P < 0.050) |
1.31 (P = 0.530) |
|
|
Highest quartile |
0.19 (P = 0.013) |
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|
Ngerenya [7] |
Lowest quartile |
1.58 (P < 0.050) |
1.37 (P = 0.547) |
|
|
Highest quartile |
0.78 (P = 0.560) |
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|
|
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|
Age adjusted risk of suffering a clinical episode of malaria among children in two areas of Kilifi, Kenya (Ngerenya - low transmission and Chonyi- moderate transmission) during follow-up depending on their anti-malarial antibody serological and malaria parasitological status at pre-follow-up cross-section survey. Significant associations (P < 0.05) are highlighted in bold. AMA 1 (Pro/DI, II, III) -Apical Membrane Antigen 1 prodomain and domains 1, 2, and 3. MSP2/3- Merozoite Surface Protein 2/3, VSA - Variant Surface Antigen. |
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|
Kinyanjui et al. Malaria Journal 2009 8:242 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-242 |
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