Table 5 |
||||
|
Univariate analysis-presence of gametocytes after enrolment up to day 14 |
||||
| % (N) with gametocytes OR [95%] P-value |
||||
|
|
||||
| All (N = 6793) |
Thailand (N = 5069) |
The Gambia (N = 1110) |
Tanzania (N = 614) |
|
|
|
||||
| Total1 |
15 (998) |
7 (342) |
36 (400) |
42 (256) |
| < 0.0012 |
||||
|
|
||||
| Age (years)3 |
||||
| 0–5 |
28 (530) |
13 (118) |
40 (249) |
41(163) |
| 5–15 |
16 (432) |
10 (202) |
33 (159) |
56 (62) |
| > 15 |
13 (293) |
12 (251) |
75 (3) |
40 (39) |
| 0.985 [0.979–0.992] |
0.987 [0.979–0.995] |
0.963 [0.918–1.011] |
0.978 [0.963–0.993] |
|
| < 0.001 |
0.001 |
0.131 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
||||
| Symptoms |
||||
| Yes |
14 (546) |
10 (364) |
No Data |
51 (182) |
| No |
25 (42) |
9 (10) |
57 (32) |
|
| 0.936 [0.586–1.486] |
1.147 [0.580–2.268] |
0.0.784 [0.444–1.387] |
||
| 0.784 |
0.694 |
0.403 |
||
|
|
||||
| History of illness |
||||
| > = 3 days |
30 (193) |
25 (129) |
No Data |
48 (64) |
| < 3 days |
12 (408) |
8 (234) |
57 (174) |
|
| 2.030 [1.658–2.484]5 |
3.400 [2.640–4.380] |
0.683 [0.453–1.029] |
||
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
0.067 |
||
|
|
||||
| Sex |
||||
| Male |
18 (446) |
10 (203) |
39 (136) |
57 (107) |
| Female |
19 (421) |
10 (172) |
37 (117) |
52 (132) |
| 1.071 [0.910–1.261] |
1.041 [0.836–1.295] |
1.052 [0.766–1.445] |
1.201 [0.821–1.758] |
|
| 0.406 |
0.722 |
0.754 |
0.345 |
|
|
|
||||
| Severe Anaemia |
||||
| Yes |
33 (18) |
29 (7) |
37 (11) |
No Data |
| No |
17 (636) |
10 (287) |
34 (341) |
|
| 1.536 [0.858–2.747]5 |
2.433 [0.989–5.986]5 |
1.302 [0.586–2.893] |
||
| 0.145 |
0.045 |
0.515 |
||
|
|
||||
| Anaemia |
||||
| Yes |
32 (294) |
26 (136) |
38 (157) |
No Data |
| No |
12 (360) |
7 (158) |
32 (195) |
|
| 2.308 [1.920–2.775]5 |
4.135 [3.156–5.418] |
1.402 [1.069–1.840] |
||
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
0.014 |
||
|
|
||||
| Haematocrit3 |
0.917 [0.903–0.932]5 |
0.872 [0.853–0.891] |
0.974 [0.950–0.998] |
No Data |
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
0.037 |
||
|
|
||||
| Palpable liver |
||||
| Yes |
21 (156) |
17 (100) |
40 (56) |
No Data |
| No |
13 (449) |
9 (256) |
37 (193) |
|
| 1.725 [1.378–2.162] |
1.965 [1.513–2.551] |
1.216 [0.772–1.918] |
||
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
0.398 |
||
|
|
||||
| Palpable spleen |
||||
| Yes |
22 (253) |
17 (143) |
40 (110) |
No Data |
| No |
11 (355) |
8 (212) |
36 (143) |
|
| 1.708 [1.412–2.065]5 |
2.227 [1.756–2.826]5 |
1.067 [0.768–1.483] |
||
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
0.698 |
||
|
|
||||
| Temperature |
||||
| > = 37 C |
14 (385) |
9 (213) |
40 (172) |
No Data |
| < 37.5 C |
15 (242) |
11 (161) |
33 (81) |
|
| 0.947 [0.785–1.141] |
0.831 [0.664–1.040] |
1.273 [0.904–1.794] |
||
| 0.564 |
0.106 |
0.165 |
||
|
|
||||
| Parasitaemia3,4(/μL) |
||||
| ≤ 1,600 |
13 (187) |
9(110) |
25 (16) |
46 (61) |
| 1,600–4,000 |
20 (205) |
10(76) |
30 (28) |
57 (101) |
| 4,000 – 20,000 |
18 (355) |
12(185) |
34 (100) |
55 (70) |
| > 20,000 |
21 (502) |
13 (200) |
41 (267) |
20 (35) |
| 1.120 [1.013–1.238] |
1.053 [0.936–1.184] |
1.335 [1.907–1.625] |
1.182 [0.960–1.458] |
|
| 0.027 |
0.394 |
0.004 |
0.115 |
|
|
|
||||
| Mixed infection |
||||
| Yes |
4 (22) |
|||
| No |
No Data |
12 (549) |
No Data |
No Data |
| 0.366 [0.236–0.567]5 |
||||
| < 0.001 |
||||
|
|
||||
| Treatment6 |
||||
| A |
10 (413) |
8 (287) |
16 (106) |
10 (11) |
| C-F |
26 (516) |
18 (276) |
27 (13) |
49 (227) |
| 3.073 [2.384–3.962] |
3.063 [2.330–4.026] |
3.259 [1.028–10.387] |
4.751 [1.530–14.754] |
|
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
0.033 |
0.003 |
|
| G-H |
70 (301) |
No Data |
71 (283) |
62 (18)7 |
| 11.744 [8.019–17.199] |
11.936 [8.136–17.510] |
|||
| < 0.001 |
< 0.001 |
|||
|
|
||||
|
1 Percentages are calculated from patients with both non-missing counts on day 7 and day 14 (out of 4840, 1099 and 603 patients, respectively) 2 p-value from chi-square test 3 OR and test for the continuous representation 4 The Gambia, Thailand: OR calculated for log10 parasitaemia; Tanzania, All : OR for ordered categories, p-value is for test for trend. 5 p-value for homogeneity < 0.05 6 treatments groups are defined as: A: artemisisnin combination alone or with other treatments; C-F: other monotherapies (see Table 1); G-H: SP alone or SP with chloroquine. OR are calculated with reference to group A. 7 G-H/A at separate sites |
||||
|
Stepniewska et al. Malaria Journal 2008 7:249 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-7-249 |
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