Does the spillage of petroleum products in Anopheles breeding sites have an impact on the pyrethroid resistance?

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-6-159

Malaria Journal

Volume 6

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Djouaka RF
Bakare AA
Bankole HS
Doannio JM
Coulibaly ON
Kossou H
Tamo M
Basene HI
Popoola OK
Akogbeto MC

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Djouaka RF
Bakare AA
Bankole HS
Doannio JM
Coulibaly ON
Kossou H
Tamo M
Basene HI
Popoola OK
Akogbeto MC
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Research

Does the spillage of petroleum products in Anopheles breeding sites have an impact on the pyrethroid resistance?

Rousseau F Djouaka¹^,2^,6 , Adekunle A Bakare² , Honore S Bankole³ , Julien MC Doannio⁴ , Ousmane N Coulibaly¹ , Hortense Kossou⁵ , Manuele Tamo¹ , Harcourt I Basene² , OK Popoola² and Martin C Akogbeto⁶

¹International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, 08BP0932, Bénin

²Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

³Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Bénin

⁴National Institute of Public Health, BPV47 Abidjan, Ivory Coast

⁵Ministry of Health, 05BP2099 Cotonou, Bénin

⁶Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, 06 BP 2604, Bénin

author email corresponding author email

Malaria Journal 2007, 6:159doi:10.1186/1475-2875-6-159


Published:	3 December 2007

Abstract

Background

The emergence of Anopheles populations capable of withstanding lethal doses of insecticides has weakened the efficacy of most insecticide based strategies of vector control and, has highlighted the need for further studies on the mechanisms of insecticide resistance and the various factors selecting resistant populations of mosquitoes. This research targeted the analysis of breeding sites and the oviposition behaviour of susceptible and resistant populations of Anopheles in localities of spilled petroleum products. The aim was to establish the possible contribution of oil spillage in the selection of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors.

Methods

Anopheles breeding sites were identified and the insecticide susceptibility of the Anopheles gambiae populations mapped in 15 localities of South Western Nigeria. The presence of oil particles as well as the turbidity, the dissolved oxygen and the pH of each identified breeding site was recorded. Data were cross-analysed to correlate the habitat types and the insecticide susceptibility status of emerging mosquitoes. The second phase of this study was basically a laboratory model to provide more information on the implication of the spillage of petroleum on the selection of pyrethroid resistance in An. gambiae.

Results

Moderate levels of resistance following exposure to permethrin-impregnated papers were recorded with the majority of An. gambiae samples collected in the South Western Nigeria. Data from this study established a link between the constituency of the breeding sites and the resistance status of the emerging Anopheles.

Conclusion

This study has revealed the segregational occupation of breeding habitats by pyrethroid resistant and susceptible strains of An. gambiae in south-western Nigeria. Compiled results from field and laboratory research point out clear relationships between oil spillage and pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors. The identification of this factor of resistance could serve as strong information in the management of insecticide resistance in some West African settings.